Wearable Sensors for Posture and Movement in Patient Handling: A Scoping Review
Keywords:
Patient handling motion, Wearable sensors, Work-related musculoskeletal disordersAbstract
Nurses experience work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) such as lower back pain due to awkward postures or movements during patient handling. Monitoring and education for patient handling are necessary to prevent these WMSDs. Recently, measurement methods for patient handling using wearable sensors have been developed to implement these interventions at various sites. However, the status of these measurement methods has not been comprehensively summarized. The purpose of this study is to summarize the status of measurement methods for patient handling using wearable sensors. Peer-reviewed papers published between January 2013 and November 2023 that included measurements of patient handling using wearable sensors were selected from Google Scholar. Measured patient handlings, postures, and movements were summarized. The type, number, and placement of sensors were also investigated. Furthermore, the applied data processing techniques were also summarized. Inertial sensors and insole pressure sensors were applied for measurement methods. Current methods can measure trunk angle, arm movement, and foot placement during several motions such as patient transfer. In addition, load and correctness of patient handling motion are recognized by a wearable sensor-based system using machine learning techniques. These results indicate that current methods can provide effective kinematic values during patient handling to prevent WMSDs. On the other hand, there were also limitations due to number of sensors. Future studies should develop simpler measurement methods using fewer sensors.
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